ArticleInternational journal of surgery case reports2026
Disseminated relapse of ovarian mature cystic teratoma with squamous cell carcinoma transformation following intraoperative spillage: a case report.
Article in International journal of surgery case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Malignant transformation of ovarian mature cystic teratoma is rare, usually presenting as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Rupture or spillage may complicate management, although a causal relationship with recurrence cannot be inferred from individual cases. Presentation of case: A 59-year-old woman developed disseminated relapse after excision of an ovarian dermoid cyst with SCC transformation, complicated by intraoperative rupture and pelvic spillage. She presented with an abdominal-wall mass and multifocal pelvic/peritoneal disease, consistent with at least FIGO stage IIIC-equivalent recurrence. She underwent diagnostic laparoscopy, then a complete open cytoreduction, including abdominal-wall resection/reconstruction, omentectomy, multivisceral bowel resections, type C2 radical hysterectomy, rectal resection, and pelvic/para-aortic lymphadenectomy. Histology confirmed a poorly differentiated SCC in a dermoid cyst, with negative margins and 87 negative lymph nodes. Adjuvant carboplatin-paclitaxel was administered without any CTCAE grade ≥1 toxicity. At 4 years, she remains disease-free. Discussion: Reports describe implantation/carcinomatosis after rupture/spillage. Complete cytoreduction, adherence to no-spillage principles, and early expert referral are essential. Conclusion: Strict no-spillage principles and early referral to high-expertise centers are essential when malignancy is suspected.
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