Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42856633›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Folate metabolism in tumor-associated macrophages drives immunosuppressive function to promote tumor growth.

Matthew P Zimmerman, Vasyl Zhabotynsky, Haiyang Wang, Emily K Cox, Wan Lin Chong, Alex G Bastian, Andrew S Kennedy, Brian P Fay, Amy G Reynolds, Anna Ebacher and 21 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

31 authors.

Matthew P ZimmermanDepartment of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0000-0002-2979-9624
Vasyl ZhabotynskyLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0000-0003-1575-5732
Haiyang WangLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Emily K CoxLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Wan Lin ChongLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0009-0008-9180-195X
Alex G BastianLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Andrew S KennedyDepartment of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Brian P FayLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0009-0006-0551-1610
Amy G ReynoldsLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0009-0000-2935-1750
Anna EbacherLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0009-0001-3159-7757
Jeremy A MeierLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Katherine VietorLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Khalilah E TaylorLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0009-0003-2136-2713
Pristine C OnuohaLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Siddharth MaruvadaLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Katie E HurstLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Christopher WongDepartment of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
Carlton W AndersonCenter for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0009-0008-0129-8175
Nancy E ThomasLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0000-0002-2230-1328
Rihe LiuLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Kirsten L BryantLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0000-0003-4026-0942
Albert S BaldwinDepartment of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0000-0003-1246-1333
David W OllilaLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0000-0003-4129-6808
Jenny P-Y TingLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0000-0002-7846-0395
Blake R RushingDepartment of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514.ORCID 0000-0002-8662-3270
Susan J SumnerDepartment of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514.
Sergey A KrupenkoDepartment of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514.ORCID 0000-0002-6926-2776
Willy HugoDepartment of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.ORCID 0000-0002-1426-7190
Stergios J MoschosLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Jessica E ThaxtonDepartment of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0000-0003-1759-5576
Brian C MillerLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.ORCID 0000-0001-5931-4184

Funding

Virology Research Program (Program 4)P30CA016086 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI David Darr · 1985 to 2026
$201.5M
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CLINICAL NUTRITION RESEARCH UNITP30DK056350 · NIDDK · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Ian Michael Carroll · 1999 to 2026
$31.6M
PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIESP30DK034987 · NIDDK · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Temitope O. Keku · 1985 to 2026
$30.5M
SToP Cancer SPORE: Developmental Research ProgramP50CA257911 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Jen Jen Yeh · 2022 to 2026
$12.9M
Mechanistic dissection and inhibitor targeting of autophagy in RAS driven cancersR37CA251877 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BRYANT, KIRSTEN L · 2020 to 2025
$2.5M
Metastatic Clonal Heterogeneity and its Impact on Melanoma Therapeutic ResistanceR01CA236910 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI HUGO, WILLY · 2020 to 2024
$2.3M
Training Program in Cellular Systems and Integrative PhysiologyT32GM133364 · NIGMS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Kathleen M Caron, Natasha T Snider · 2020 to 2026
$1.4M
Targeting Unique Myeloid Populations to Overcome Anti-PD-1 Resistance Conferred by Specific Cancer MutationsK08CA248960 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI MILLER, BRIAN C · 2020 to 2024
$1.2M
NCI NIH HHS K08 CA248960NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016086NCI NIH HHS P50 CA257911NCI NIH HHS R01 CA236910NCI NIH HHS R37 CA251877NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK034987NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK056350NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM133364
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote tumor growth, inhibit effector lymphocytes, and induce resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Therapies designed to deplete TAMs have had little success in the clinic, and strategies aimed to repolarize immunosuppressive TAMs to pro-inflammatory states have struggled with systemic toxicity. We have identified that the combination of low folate in the tumor microenvironment and TAM dependency on the high affinity folate receptor beta (FRβ) for folate uptake results in a unique metabolic dependency of TAMs necessary for their immunosuppressive function. FRβ (encoded by

Identifiers

PMID42856633
PMCPMC13648734

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.