Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42856216›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

A learned oral signal drives long-lasting thirst satiation.

Zhengya Liu, Ho Namkung, Jingkun Zhang, Julianne Davis, Naymalis La Santa Medina, Sophia Laskaris, Anyu Cao, Tianyi Chen, Xinlan Wen, Zachary A Knight

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Zhengya LiuNeuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Ho NamkungDepartment of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Jingkun ZhangDepartment of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Julianne DavisDepartment of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Naymalis La Santa MedinaDepartment of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Sophia LaskarisDepartment of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Anyu CaoNeuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Tianyi ChenNeuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Xinlan WenNeuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Zachary A KnightDepartment of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.

Funding

Neural Dynamics Underlying FeedingR01DK106399 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Zachary A. Knight · 2015 to 2026
$4.8M
A lateralized pathway for learning about foodR01DK145100 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KNIGHT, ZACHARY A. · 2025 to 2025
$2.6M
Neural mechanisms that control the rate of ingestionR01DK138127 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Zachary A. Knight · 2024 to 2026
$1.4M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK106399NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK138127NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK145100
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Drinking quenches thirst long before the ingested water has been absorbed. Here we investigate the mechanism by combining sham drinking, which uncouples water ingestion from rehydration, with recordings of thirst-promoting neurons in the brain. We show that sham drinking suppresses thirst and rapidly inhibits thirst-promoting neurons despite no water absorption. Remarkably, this suppression of thirst neurons in the absence of rehydration is proportional to the amount of water consumed and persists for tens of minutes after drinking has stopped. This sustained inhibition is triggered by passage of water through the oral cavity, but not licking or swallowing alone, and undergoes extinction with repeated sham drinking, indicating it is learned. Complementary experiments using hypertonic saline demonstrate this learning is bidirectional. These findings reveal that the experience of rapid thirst quenching is not a hard-wired response to the consumption of water, but rather a learned prediction of future bodily state.

Identifiers

PMID42856216
PMCPMC13648541

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.