Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42855698›Full record

ArticleTrials2026

Effects of dexmedetomidine versus remimazolam protocolized sedation during lower limb nerve block on early stress response and quality of recovery in patients undergoing diabetic foot ulcer repair: a randomized controlled trial protocol.

Yawen Tang, Jiamin Hou, Shenggang Wu, He Liu, Ling Tong, Qin Zhang, Yonghe Hu, Haojie Gong

Abstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yawen TangDepartment of Anesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China.
Jiamin HouDepartment of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China.
Shenggang WuDepartment of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China.
He LiuDepartment of Anesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China.
Ling TongDepartment of Anesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China.
Qin ZhangDepartment of Anesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China.
Yonghe HuDepartment of Anesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China.
Haojie GongDepartment of Anesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China. ghj.1990@outlook.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFor patients undergoing diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) repair, lower limb nerve block is the preferred anesthetic regimen. However, the block alone often fails to fully eliminate intraoperative anxiety and stress responses. Adjunctive procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA), using agents such as dexmedetomidine or remimazolam, is a key strategy to enhance surgical comfort. Nevertheless, the comparative effects of these two agents on early stress response and quality of recovery remain unclear.

methodsThis is a prospective, randomized, single-center, single-blind, superiority controlled trial. A total of 160 patients aged 18 to 75 years undergoing elective DFU repair will be enrolled and randomized into Group A (dexmedetomidine) and Group B (remimazolam). The primary outcome is the change in serum cortisol levels from preoperative baseline to 2 h postoperatively. Secondary outcomes include the following: vital signs; postoperative pain intensity scores; intraoperative stress level; postoperative quality of recovery; and patient and surgeon satisfaction scores. DISCUSSION: This study aims to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine and remimazolam PSA on attenuating stress hormone release and improving early postoperative quality of recovery in patients undergoing DFU repair. The future findings will provide high-quality clinical evidence for reducing perioperative stress levels, enhancing patient comfort, and accelerating postoperative recovery.

trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2500113746. Registered on 2 December 2025.

Indexed as

DexmedetomidineDiabetic FootHypnotics and SedativesNerve BlockAdolescentAdultAgedEquivalence Trials as TopicFemaleHumansHydrocortisoneLower ExtremityMaleMiddle AgedPostoperative PainProspective StudiesDexmedetomidineHydrocortisoneHypnotics and SedativesDexmedetomidineDiabetic foot ulcersNerve blockProcedural sedation and analgesiaRemimazolam

Identifiers

PMID42855698

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.