Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42855584›Full record

ArticleNature medicine2026

AI-assisted scoping review of code sharing in clinical prediction model research.

Thomas Sounack, Raffaele Giancotti, Catherine A Gao, Lasai Barreñada, Hyeonhoon Lee, Hyung-Chul Lee, Leo Anthony Celi, Karel G M Moons, Gary S Collins, Charlotta Lindvall and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Thomas SounackDana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. thomas_sounack@dfci.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-5548-2695
Raffaele GiancottiUniversity of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
Catherine A GaoNorthwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5576-3943
Lasai BarreñadaDepartment of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8020-0210
Hyeonhoon LeeSeoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-823X
Hyung-Chul LeeSeoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0048-7958
Leo Anthony CeliMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6712-6626
Karel G M MoonsUMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2118-004X
Gary S CollinsUniversity of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2772-2316
Charlotta LindvallDana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Tom PollardMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. tpollard@mit.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5676-7898

Funding

Bridge2AI: Patient-Focused Collaborative Hospital Repository Uniting Standards (CHoRUS) for Equitable AIOT2OD032701 · OD · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BIHORAC, AZRA, CLERMONT, GILLES · 2022 to 2025
$24.6M
Research Resource for Complex Physiologic SignalsR01EB030362 · NIBIB · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI GOLDBERGER, ARY LOUIS · 2020 to 2025
$5.8M
PhysioNet: A FAIR and sustainable data repositoryU24EB037545 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI Thomas Heldt, Tom Pollard · 2025 to 2026
$1.8M
Machine learning to predict cure in severe pneumonia episodesK23HL169815 · NHLBI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Catherine A. Gao · 2024 to 2026
$501k
Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) NTIS 2460003034Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) RS-2024-00403047RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) EP/Y018516/1RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC) MR/Z503873/1U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) OT2OD032701U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01EB030362U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) U24EB037545U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) K23HL169815
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clinical prediction models are increasingly deployed to support diagnostic and prognostic decisions, making reproducibility essential for assessing their reliability and generalizability. Analytical code supports independent assessment of these processes, yet its availability in the literature remains limited. This scoping review quantifies current practices in sharing analytical code to inform the development of TRIPOD-Code, a reporting guideline for code availability and reproducibility. Here a large-language-model-assisted pipeline was developed to screen articles citing TRIPOD or TRIPOD+AI, extract repository links and assess retrieved repositories against 14 predefined reproducibility-related features. Among 3,967 articles, 482 (12.2%) included code-sharing statements. Sharing prevalence varied widely by journal and country. Repository assessment showed substantial heterogeneity in reproducibility features. These findings underscore the need for clearer expectations beyond code availability, including documentation, dependency specification and executable structure. Strengthening these practices may improve the usability of clinical prediction model studies and support their deployment in real-world clinical settings.

Identifiers

PMID42855584

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.