Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42855531›Full record

ArticleHypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension2026

Regional effect of population-based programs promoting salt reduction and potassium intake in Hokkaido: a post hoc analysis of the PoSPIP.

Hirofumi Sakuma, Katsushi Yoshita, Yukari Takemi, Takashi Hisamatsu, Rumi Tsukinoki, Hitomi Hayabuchi, Yukiko Okami, Kaori Kitaoka, Atsushi Hozawa, Takayoshi Ohkubo and 3 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Hirofumi SakumaDivision of Cardiology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
Katsushi YoshitaDepartment of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan.
Yukari TakemiFaculty of Nutrition, Japan Nutrition University, Sakado, Japan.
Takashi HisamatsuCenter for Stroke and Cardiovascular Disease Informatics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan.
Rumi TsukinokiDepartment of Public Health Nursing, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Hitomi HayabuchiGraduate School of Health and Environmental Sciences, Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Yukiko OkamiGraduate School of Food and Population Health Sciences/Center for Food Science and Wellness, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
Kaori KitaokaSection of Research Collaboration and Partnership, Center for Private-Public-Academic Collaboration Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Settsu, Japan.
Atsushi HozawaDivision of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Takayoshi OhkuboDepartment of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Naoyuki HasebeDivision of Cardiology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.
Katsuyuki MiuraNCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
Naoki NakagawaDivision of Cardiology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan. naka-nao@asahikawa-med.ac.jp.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Population-based Sodium/Potassium Improvement Program is a nonrandomized population-based intervention implemented by the Japanese Society of Hypertension across multiple municipalities and workplaces in Japan. This post hoc regional analysis focused on two municipalities in Hokkaido-namely, Higashikagura, which received standard support, and Mashike, which received intensive support consisting of on-site urinary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio measurement, immediate feedback, repeated health guidance, and food-environment improvement. A total of 431 participants who underwent annual health checkups in 2021 and 2022 and had urinary Na/K ratio data at both time points (standard support group, n = 218; intensive support group, n = 213) were included. One-year changes in the urinary Na/K ratio, estimated salt and potassium intakes, blood pressure (BP), and other clinical measures were compared between the groups using multivariable linear regression. The proportion of participants achieving urinary Na/K ratio targets increased in the intensive support group. A significant group-by-time interaction was observed for the <2 threshold (OR 2.62, 95% CI: 1.25-5.50), but not for the <4 threshold. After adjustment for covariates, estimated salt intake decreased more in the intensive support group than in the standard support group (adjusted group difference: -0.53 g/day, 95% confidence interval: -0.95 to -0.12). Changes in the urinary Na/K ratio, estimated potassium intake, and systolic and diastolic BP did not significantly differ between the groups. Intensive support incorporating urinary Na/K ratio measurement, immediate feedback, and repeated multidisciplinary guidance may promote salt reduction in local community settings.

Indexed as

Estimated salt intakeHealth checkupImplemental hypertensionUrinary Na/K ratio

Identifiers

PMID42855531

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.