Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42853919›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

Long-term immunoprophylaxis by TLR9 ligand mediates macrophage-ILC cross-talk against respiratory viral infection.

Asuka Joy Tobuse, Kouji Kobiyama, Jun Tsuchida, Masamitsu N Asaka, Daichi Utsumi, Mariana Silva Almeida, Yaeko Nakajima-Takagi, Motohiko Oshima, Tomoya Hayashi, Burcu Temizoz and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Asuka Joy TobuseDivision of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-2617-7651
Kouji KobiyamaDivision of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-5846-4807
Jun TsuchidaDivision of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Masamitsu N AsakaLaboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Japan.
Daichi UtsumiLaboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-6602-8426
Mariana Silva AlmeidaInternational Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-9694-3721
Yaeko Nakajima-TakagiDivision of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-2341-2409
Motohiko OshimaDivision of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-6991-815X
Tomoya HayashiDivision of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-3189-6463
Burcu TemizozDivision of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-5189-3529
Etsushi KurodaDepartment of Immunology, Hyogo Medical University School of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-7198-2190
Cevayir CobanDepartment of Computational Biology and Medical Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-4467-7799
Yasuhiro YasutomiLaboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-8252-1448
Atsushi IwamaDepartment of Computational Biology and Medical Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-9410-8992
Ken J IshiiDivision of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-6728-3872

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rapid development of host immunity is critical during the emergence of viral outbreaks when vaccines are not yet available. Here, we demonstrate that CpG oligodeoxynucleotide-schizophyllan complex (K3-SPG) induces antigen-independent, long-term protection against lethal respiratory virus infection. A single intranasal administration successfully enhanced host resistance to infection for as long as 100 days posttreatment. Mechanistically, we observed a lung-restricted biphasic innate activation of macrophages and innate lymphoid cells. Early protection was mediated by CD11b

Indexed as

MacrophagesRespiratory Tract InfectionsToll-Like Receptor 9AnimalsImmunity, InnateLigandsLungMiceOligodeoxyribonucleotidesToll-Like Receptor AgonistsTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaCPG-oligonucleotideLigandsOligodeoxyribonucleotidesTlr9 protein, mouseToll-Like Receptor 9Toll-Like Receptor AgonistsTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID42853919
PMCPMC13651865

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.