ArticlePloS one2026
Defying salinity, drought, and pH extremes: A multifunctional rhizobacterium, Burkholderia gladioli ST3M-39a, matches fertilizer efficacy in wheat via phosphate solubilization.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Global phosphorus scarcity and the environmental impacts of chemical fertilizers necessitate sustainable microbial alternatives for agriculture. We characterized Burkholderia gladioli ST3M-39a, a maize rhizosphere isolate, as a multifunctional plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium with exceptional climate resilience. The strain achieved rapid phosphate solubilization (177.96 ± 5.26 µg/mL within 24 h; molybdenum-antimony assay), zinc solubilization, and ammonia production, EPS production, produced stress-alleviating enzymes (cellulase and protease), and biosurfactant production. Crucially, it maintained robust growth and phosphate-mobilizing capacity under extreme abiotic stresses: pH 4.5-8.5, 7.5% NaCl salinity, and drought-mimicking low water activity (aw 0.950, 32% sorbitol). The strain was non-hemolytic and non-pathogenic to plants. In wheat trials, ST3M-39a inoculation significantly increased the growth parameters (p < 0.05 vs. those of the uninoculated controls), resulting in 85-92% of the biomass stimulation observed with diammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizer. This multifunctional stress tolerance, coupled with its near-fertilizer efficacy, positioned ST3M-39a as a transformative bioinoculant for degraded soils. Field validation of its agricultural deployment and ecological impact is now pivotal.
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