ArticleInfection2026
Influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization in children aged 6-72 months: a test-negative study in the Southern Italy, 2022-2026.
Article in Infection, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeasonal influenza is an important cause of hospitalization in young children, yet real-world evidence on vaccine effectiveness (VE) against severe outcomes remains limited in Italy. We estimated influenza VE against influenza-associated hospitalization among children aged 6-72 months in the district of Foggia, Southern Italy.
methodsWe conducted a test-negative case-control study among children hospitalized for acute respiratory infection and tested for influenza during the 2022-2023 to 2025-2026 influenza seasons. Cases were influenza-positive children and controls were influenza-negative children. VE was estimated as (1 - odds ratio) x 100; adjusted VE was derived from multivariable logistic regression models.
resultsThe study included 935 children, of whom 207 were influenza-positive cases and 728 were influenza-negative controls. Adjusted VE was 62.5% (95% CI: 34.4%-78.5%) for receipt of at least one influenza vaccine dose and 61.9% (95% CI: 29.3%-79.4%) for full vaccination. By vaccine type, adjusted VE was 80.3% (95% CI: 43.8%-93.1%) for at least one dose of LAIV and 50.9% (95% CI: 6.9%-74.2%) for at least one dose of IIV. Season-specific adjusted VE was highest in 2024-2025, reaching 92.2% (95% CI: 65.6%-98.2%) for at least one dose and 90.7% (95% CI: 58.5%-97.9%) for full vaccination.
conclusionsInfluenza vaccination was associated with a reduced risk of influenza-associated hospitalization among children aged 6-72 months, with the strongest protection observed during the 2024-2025 season. These findings support continued efforts to improve pediatric influenza vaccination uptake.
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