ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
Intermittent fasting-associated microbiome remodeling and functional modulation by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: The gut microbiome is a critical regulator of host metabolism, yet how intermittent fasting (IF) remodels the gut ecosystem independent of dietary composition remains unclear. This study aimed to isolate the effect of feeding rhythm on the gut microbiome and identify specific microbial taxa mediating IF-induced metabolic changes. Methods: We employed a family-based 'shared meal' model that strictly standardized dietary composition across all participants. Five healthy adults (3 males, 2 females) from a single family participated in a pilot, hypothesis-generating 4-week 16:8 IF intervention with longitudinal fecal sampling for 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. To functionally test a candidate Lacticaseibacillus-associated mechanism, C57BL/6 J mice were subjected to a 1-week 16:8 IF protocol with or without daily oral supplementation of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001. Plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate (betaOHB) and peptide YY (PYY) were measured by ELISA. Results: IF was associated with body weight loss in humans (2.1 +/- 0.4 kg, 95% CI: 1.3 to 2.9 kg, Conclusion: In this pilot, hypothesis-generating human cohort, IF was associated with coordinated microbiome and metabolomic remodeling, including a directional Lacticaseibacillus signal that motivated subsequent functional testing. In mice,
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