ReviewACS omega2026
Advances in Cubosome-Based Transdermal Delivery: Structural Design, Manufacturing, and Engineering Strategies.
Review in ACS omega, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cubosomes are third-generation lipidic nanocarriers characterized by bicontinuous cubic liquid-crystalline nanostructures and exceptionally high internal surface areas. These architectures enable the encapsulation of hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and amphiphilic compounds while providing enhanced stability, cargo protection, and controlled drug release. Their ordered nanostructure, governed by lipid self-assembly and critical packing parameter principles, promotes an effective interaction with the stratum corneum, making cubosomes promising transdermal delivery platforms. This review summarizes the physicochemical principles, fabrication technologies, and engineering strategies underlying cubosome-based transdermal systems. Specific crystallographic mesophases are influenced by lipid composition, stabilizers, guest molecules, and fabrication conditions, which determine the structural integrity and delivery performance. Despite their advantages, conventional cubosomes still exhibit limitations, including high bulk viscosity, burst release, inadequate deep dermal penetration, phase instability, and limited long-term stability. To overcome these challenges, advanced approaches including chemical phase modulation, hybrid integration with microneedles or hydrogels, surface functionalization, and stimuli-responsive systems are discussed. Emerging technologies such as microfluidics, quality by design, process analytical technology, artificial intelligence/machine learning-assisted optimization, and smart personalized transdermal drug delivery systems are also highlighted for next-generation cubosome development. These integrated strategies improve skin permeation, formulation stability, therapeutic efficacy, and manufacturing scalability while supporting the future translational development of cubosome-based nanomedicines for transdermal administration of small molecules and biomacromolecular therapeutics.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.