ArticleFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2026
Integrated evaluation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles across skin-related cellular and zebrafish models.
Article in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have shown biological effects in skin-related models, particularly in oxidative injury, wound repair, and photoaging. However, previous studies have used different MSC sources, EVs preparations, and experimental systems, and the activity of a defined EVs preparation across multiple skin-related processes has rarely been examined within a single study. Effects on sebocyte lipid metabolism and androgen-related responses are particularly poorly characterized. Methods: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (UC-MSC-EVs) were characterized and evaluated across complementary cellular and zebrafish models assessing oxidative injury, keratinocyte migration and barrier-related proteins, UVB-induced fibroblast senescence and extracellular matrix responses, sebocyte lipid and androgen metabolism, melanogenesis, and dermal papilla cell function. Results: UC-MSC-EVs reduced UVB- and tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced injury in HaCaT keratinocytes, decreased oxidative stress, and restored antioxidant enzyme activities. They also promoted keratinocyte migration, increased filaggrin and aquaporin-3 expression, and enhanced zebrafish tail-fin regeneration, increasing relative regenerated length from 60.24 ± 4.01% in the model group to 84.10 ± 5.82% at 48 h post-amputation. In UVB-exposed human skin fibroblasts, UC-MSC-EVs reduced cellular senescence and modulated extracellular matrix, inflammatory, and antioxidant responses. In oleic acid-stimulated SZ95 sebocytes, UC-MSC-EVs reduced lipid accumulation and lipid peroxidation and attenuated 5α-reductase activity and dihydrotestosterone production. In B16F10 cells stimulated with α-MSH, melanin content decreased from 147.60 ± 15.98% to 99.70 ± 7.98% of the untreated control at the highest tested UC-MSC-EVs concentration, accompanied by reduced tyrosinase activity and melanogenic gene expression. Pigmentation intensity was also reduced in zebrafish. In human dermal papilla cells, UC-MSC-EVs enhanced migration and increased alkaline phosphatase activity to 148.22 ± 4.72% of the control level, while increasing expression of hair growth factors and reducing androgen metabolism. Discussion: These results characterize the biological activity of a single UC-MSC-EVs preparation across multiple skin-related experimental systems and provide a basis for further investigation of its bioactive components and dose-response relationships.
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