ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Psychological and somatic distress profiles in young adults in and out of conflict settings: a cluster-based analysis of three population-based studies in Ukraine and Switzerland.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Young adulthood is a developmental period characterized by major life transitions and increased exposure to stress, during which vulnerability to psychological and somatic symptoms may be heightened. These symptoms frequently co-occur, posing challenges for diagnostic and treatment approaches. Despite the mental and physical symptom burden among young adults, population-based data on symptom patterns in this age group remains sparse. This study investigates psychological and somatic symptom patterns among young adults in three populations with differing socio-geographic and war-related context: young adults in Switzerland, Ukrainians who fled to Switzerland, and Ukrainians living in Ukraine. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional baseline data from the Mental Health Assessment of the Population (MAP) studies, where we enrolled randomly selected young adults aged 18-24 from Switzerland, Ukrainian refugees in Switzerland, and Ukrainians residing in regions with different degrees of proximity to active war zones. Participants completed standardized self-reported screening instruments assessing depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), trauma-related stress symptoms (PCL-5), and somatic symptoms (PHQ-15). Descriptive statistics were calculated, and correlations between symptom domains were examined using Spearman correlations. K-means clustering was conducted separately in each subsample to characterize patterns of psychological and somatic symptom severity, with the number of clusters selected using the gap statistic. Results: The baseline sample comprised Conclusion: Across all three samples, psychological and somatic symptoms co-occurred and were differentiated by overall symptom severity. These findings suggest that assessments in young adults should consider symptom burden across multiple domains. Severity-based symptom patterns may also help inform targeted prevention and early-intervention strategies.
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