ReviewFrontiers in human neuroscience2026
Infrared photons generated by voltage-gated sodium channel dynamics: a hypothesis for cooperative electrodynamic interactions at the axon initial segment.
Review in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels are essential for neuronal excitability and action-potential generation, yet the electrodynamic consequences of voltage-sensor motion remain largely unexplored. Here, we propose a biophysically grounded hypothesis in which transient electromechanical dynamics of NaV-channel voltage sensors give rise to weak cooperative electrodynamic interactions at the axon initial segment (AIS). Specifically, we consider the behavior of conserved arginine gating charges within the S4 voltage-sensor segment as they traverse the hydrophobic constriction site (HCS) and charge-transfer center (CTC) during membrane depolarization. Under subthreshold conditions, local electrostatic and
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