Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42850630›Full record

ArticleChiropractic & manual therapies2026

Chiropractic patient compensation claims in Norway from 2013 to 2024.

Christoffer Børsheim, Cathrine H Feier, Carlos Gevers-Montoro, Mark Thomas, Anika Young, Jan Hartvigsen

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Article in Chiropractic & manual therapies, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Christoffer BørsheimDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Christoffer.borsheim@student.uib.no.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-7717-1858
Cathrine H FeierDepartment of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Carlos Gevers-MontoroDepartment of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Mark ThomasLondon South Bank University, London, UK.
Anika YoungSpinal Pain Research Centre, Department of Chiropractic, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Jan HartvigsenCenter for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCompensation claims represent a selective subset of adverse events in healthcare and provide insight into patient safety. Compensation claims vary between countries and jurisdictions due to administrative, legal, and clinical differences. This study aimed to describe compensation claims related to chiropractic consultations in Norway from 2013 to 2024.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective registry study using data from the Norwegian System of Patient Injury Compensation and national chiropractic consultation data. All completed claims associated with chiropractic care between 2013 and 2024 were included regardless of whether they were approved or rejected. Claim frequencies were calculated per 100,000 consultations and per first-assessment consultations. Descriptive analyses were used to summarise results.

resultsA total of 147 claims were filed during the study period, of which 17 (12%) were approved. Over 24 million chiropractic consultations were recorded for the period, corresponding to an average annual claim approval rate of 0.1 per 100,000 consultations and 0.5 per 100,000 first-assessment consultations. Most claims involved musculoskeletal conditions (89%). High approval proportions were observed for claims related to central nervous system and circulatory disturbances (60%). The most common reasons for rejection were lack of causation and absence of healthcare failure. Total compensation amounted to 21.7 million Norwegian Kroner (~ 2.2 million Euros).

conclusionsCompensation claims related to chiropractic care in Norway are rare relative to consultation volume, and only a small proportion were approved. Most claimants presented with common musculoskeletal conditions, while approved cases often involve serious events temporally associated with chiropractic consultations. These findings contribute updated national evidence on compensation claims in chiropractic practice and may inform quality improvement and policy.

Indexed as

ChiropracticCompensation and RedressManipulation, ChiropracticAdolescentAdultAgedChildFemaleHumansMaleMalpracticeMiddle AgedNorwayRegistriesRetrospective StudiesYoung AdultAdverse eventsMedicolegal claimsMusculoskeletal disordersPatient safetyRegistry study

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.