ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2026
Association of CYFRA 21-1 with quantitative CT-defined fibrotic progression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveAlthough cytokeratin-19 fragment CYFRA 21 - 1 is a potential biomarker for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), its relationship to imaging-based structural progression remains unclear. We evaluated whether baseline CYFRA 21 - 1 is associated with fibrotic progression measured via quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and compared these associations with Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), including longitudinal relationships between changes in serum biomarker levels and QCT measures.
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 95 patients with IPF who underwent volumetric chest CT, serum biomarker analysis including CYFRA 21 - 1 and KL-6, and pulmonary function tests at baseline and approximately 1 year. QCT measurements, including fibrosis, ground-glass opacity (GGO)-reticulation extent, and total interstitial lung disease (ILD) extent, were measured using deep learning-based software.
resultsBaseline CYFRA 21 - 1 was associated with QCT-defined fibrotic progression (odds ratio per 1 ng/mL increase, 1.347; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.007-1.801). Baseline KL-6 was also associated with fibrotic progression (odds ratio per 100 U/mL increase, 1.085; 95% CI, 1.011-1.164), although the strength of association was lower. Longitudinal increases in CYFRA 21 - 1 were associated with progression of QCT-defined fibrosis (β = 0.943; 95% CI, 0.287-1.600), whereas changes in KL-6 were more closely associated with QCT-derived GGO-reticulation extent (β = 0.429; 95% CI, 0.179-0.680). Neither biomarker was associated with pulmonary function-based progression.
conclusionsCYFRA 21 - 1 was associated with QCT-defined fibrotic progression in IPF, whereas KL-6 showed stronger associations with GGO-reticulation extent and total ILD extent on CT. These findings suggest complementary imaging-based association patterns of the two serum biomarkers.
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