ArticleAbdominal radiology (New York)2026
Water-T1, PDFF, and T2* mapping of the liver using chemical shift-encoded MOLLI.
Article in Abdominal radiology (New York), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeHepatic MRI T1 relaxation time is a putative measure of fibrosis and inflammation but may be confounded by hepatic fat. This study evaluated a chemical shift-encoded Modified Look-Locker Inversion Recovery (CSE-MOLLI) technique for simultaneous water-specific T1 (water-T1), proton density fat fraction (PDFF), and T2* mapping within a single breath-hold.
methodsNumerical simulations, reference standard phantoms, and in vivo imaging were used to assess CSE-MOLLI performance. Twenty participants, including healthy/asymptomatic controls, individuals with steatotic liver disease, and individuals with non-steatotic chronic liver disease, underwent CSE-MOLLI and comparator quantitative MRI sequences. All quantitative maps were generated in real-time on the scanner. Water-T1, PDFF, and T2* were measured from regions of interest (ROIs) by two readers and compared with reference standard methods using simple and intraclass correlation and Bland-Altman analysis. Scan-rescan repeatability was assessed for CSE-MOLLI.
resultsPhantom experiments demonstrated strong agreement between CSE-MOLLI and reference measurements for water-T1 (r = 0.98), PDFF (r = 1.00), and T2* (r = 0.99) estimates. In vivo, inter-reader agreement was excellent for water-T1, PDFF, and T2* (ICC > 0.97). CSE-MOLLI showed very strong correlation and excellent agreement with comparator PDFF (r = 1.00; ICC = 0.98) and water-T1 (r = 0.95; ICC = 0.89), while T2* demonstrated strong correlation and moderate agreement with comparator values (r = 0.67; ICC = 0.65). Water-T1 remained relatively consistent across PDFF values from 1% to 43%, suggesting reduced sensitivity of CSE-MOLLI to fat-related deviation. Water-T1 exhibited good scan-rescan repeatability (bias = 2.0 ms, ICC = 0.95).
conclusionCSE-MOLLI enables simultaneous water-T1, PDFF, and T2* mapping of the liver within a single breath-hold. Phantom validation, repeatability assessment, and preliminary in vivo results in healthy, steatotic, and non-steatotic liver disease participants suggest that hepatic water-T1 measurements are less sensitive to fat-related deviations than conventional MOLLI-based T1 estimates. Further studies are needed to determine clinical utility in diffuse liver disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42848196What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.