ReviewResearch in heart yield and translational medicine2026
Door-to-Balloon Time in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Research in heart yield and translational medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Highlights: Myocardial infarction known as a heart attack, is life-threatening cardiovascular condition.Timely reperfusion therapy, particularly primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), can prevent further myocardial damage and reduce irreversible complications.The Door-to-Balloon time is crucial in the management of STEMI.The average Door-to-Balloon time in Iran was 85.05 minutes, which is within the global benchmark. Background: Myocardial infarction is a severe cardiovascular condition that necessitates prompt reperfusion therapies, particularly primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), to prevent irreversible myocardial damage and associated complications. This study aimed to determine the average door-to-balloon (D2B) time in Iranian hospital emergency departments through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Following the PRISMA guideline, the protocol for this study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251171966). A comprehensive search with no time restrictions was conducted through the end of September 2025 in data resources such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, SID, and Magiran. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis, and heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I Results: Of 154 initial articles retrieved, 13 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. The pooled mean D2B time was 85.05 minutes (95% CI, 75.32 to 94.78). A significant level of heterogeneity was observed among the included studies. Meta-regression analysis indicated a decreasing trend in D2B time over the years. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the average D2B time in Iran aligns with global standards. However, significant variability among hospitals highlights systemic gaps in STEMI care. Addressing these gaps requires coordinated emergency-PCI teams, nationwide 24/7 services, ongoing training, and uniform quality standards.
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