ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2026
Antimicrobial peptides in the era of resistance: integrating AI-driven design, host-microbe interactions, and nanotechnological delivery.
Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
The escalating crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) requires a fundamental transition from traditional antibiotic development to innovative therapeutic strategies rooted in microbial physiology and host defense mechanisms. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), evolutionarily conserved effectors of innate immunity, offer a potent alternative due to their rapid, multifaceted modes of action that reduce the likelihood of rapid resistance emergence compared to single-target antibiotics, although bacterial adaptation via membrane remodeling and efflux mechanisms remains a documented challenge. This review synthesizes recent advances in AMP research, focusing on their structural diversity, mechanistic interactions with microbial membranes, and immunomodulatory roles in shaping host-microbe dynamics. We critically examine the transition from empirical isolation to rational design, highlighting the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms in predicting peptide efficacy and optimizing sequence-activity relationships. Furthermore, we explore the application of CRISPR-Cas technologies in engineering producer organisms and modulating pathogen susceptibility. A significant portion of this review addresses the translational challenges of AMPs, including proteolytic instability and toxicity, by evaluating next-generation nanotechnological delivery systems such as liposomal encapsulation and stimuli-responsive hydrogels. By bridging fundamental microbiological insights with cutting-edge computational and material science innovations, this article establishes a framework for overcoming current limitations. We conclude by outlining future perspectives for integrating AMPs into clinical practice, emphasizing their potential as synergistic agents in combination therapies and their role in extending the clinical utility of existing antimicrobial agents within a One Health context.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.