ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026
Immune remodeling in HPV-associated cervical disease.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Persistent high-risk HPV infection is the principal cause of cervical dysplasia, but variation in disease phenotype may also be associated with differences in the local immune and microbial environment. Methods: We characterized the cervicovaginal immune microenvironment in relation to HPV status, vaginal community state type (CST), and cytological grade. Results: HPV-positive samples showed reduced IL-4 and IL-17E/IL-25, while IFN-α2 and IL-3 varied across community state types in a non-monotonic, CST-specific manner: IFN-α2 was relatively elevated in the Discussion: These microbial associations provide additional context for the observed immune-marker differences. These findings support further investigation of multi-kingdom host-microbiome immune relationships in HPV-associated cervical abnormalities.
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