All-in-One Multispectral Stealth Device for X-Band Radar, Visible, and Near-Infrared Spectra.

Multispectral stealth is a critical technology in modern military and security applications. Conventional approaches generally address stealth in only one or two spectral bands-such as radar, visible light, or infrared (IR)-thereby limiting their effectiveness against advanced detection systems. In this study, we present, for the first time, an integrated and dynamically adaptive electrochromic system capable of achieving simultaneous stealth across the radar, near-infrared (NIR), and visible spectra. This single-device platform surpasses traditional independent or discrete methods in complexity, efficiency, and real-time tunability. Our multispectral stealth device employs a vertically integrated electrochromic device (ECD) that unifies stealth functionality across all three spectral domains. Visible and NIR camouflage are realized through voltage-controlled, real-time modulation of reflectance, enabled by the electrochromic properties of the ECD and its embedded indium tin oxide (ITO) layers. Radar camouflage is achieved through precisely patterned ITO structures incorporated within the device, effectively suppressing electromagnetic wave reflections. To validate this approach, we performed numerical simulations and experimental characterizations using an X-band waveguide, confirming consistent and robust multispectral stealth performance. This work represents a significant advancement in multispectral stealth technology by integrating radar, NIR, and visible light camouflage into a single, tunable platform.