ArticleNanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)2026
Three-Dimensional Array Multicasting of Cylindrical Vector Beams Using Spin-Multiplexed Dammann Vortex Metasurface.
Article in Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Data multicasting over massive cylindrical vector beam (CVB) channels offers substantial advantages for high-capacity information dissemination in mode-multiplexed communication networks. However, conventional multicasting solutions are confined to one- or two-dimensional operations with limited diversity; multichannel, multimode implementations in three-dimensional (3D) vector space remain largely unexplored, which promises to maximize throughput. Herein, for the first time we develop a volumetric CVB multicasting strategy that introduces 3D multichannel array modes as information carriers. By coherently merging a vectorial Dammann vortex grating and a vectorial Dammann vortex zone plate on a minimalist spin-multiplexed phase-modulation metasurface, array degrees of freedom in both the transverse plane and longitudinal depth are independently regulated, thereby unlocking a 3D multichannel CVB lattice with sufficient mode diversity. As demonstration, we achieve a 3D CVB array generator with an operational dimension of 3 × 3 × 5, and 400 Gbit/s quadrature phase shift keying signals are successfully distributed to up to nine distinct spatial nodes with bit error rates of 10
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