ArticleFrontiers in psychology2026
The effects of working memory training on decision-making in collegiate basketball referees: a randomized controlled trial.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Collegiate basketball referees necessitate swift information processing and precise decision-making under duress, with working memory serving as a fundamental cognitive function. Investigations into cognitive training for referees are still few. Methods: This randomised controlled trial investigated the impact of an 8-week working memory training program on decision-making among 28 collegiate basketball referees (ages 19-22), who were allocated to either an experimental group ( Results: The experimental group exhibited notable enhancements in decision-making accuracy, especially with cognitive decisions; diminished response times; and augmented working memory capacity. Conclusion: Working memory training improves cognitive efficiency in collegiate basketball referees with limited officiating experience, facilitating quicker and more precise officiating decisions under laboratory static-image testing conditions. These observed medium-sized effects are sample-specific and should not be generalized to professional elite referees. Targeted cognitive training may function as an effective strategy to enhance officiating performance for this specific population.
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