ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026
Sex-Specific Regional Brain Morphometric Correlates of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage in Clinical Neuroimaging.
Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
background and purposeNeighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with adverse brain morphometry, yet whether these associations differ by biological sex remain opaque. Here, we investigated sex-specific associations between the area deprivation index and brain morphometry derived from routine clinical MRI in a real-world clinical population. MATERIALS AND
methodsIntracranial volume-normalized regional brain volumes were extracted from T1-weighted MRI examinations performed in 2,863 consecutive clinical patients (median age 54 years [IQR 38-68]; 61.2% female) at a single academic medical center and associated community partners using an automated atlas-based segmentation pipeline. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to 131 regional brain volumes to identify latent neuroanatomical morphometric networks. Sex-stratified linear regression models examined associations between area deprivation index national percentile rank and each factor score, adjusting for age, with correction for multiple comparisons.
resultsFactor analysis identified five neuroanatomical morphometric networks: cerebellar (ML1), frontal/executive (ML2), subcortical-ventricular (ML3), medial temporal/limbic (ML4), and posterior cortical/visual (ML5). In male patients (
conclusionsIn a real-world clinical population, neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with lower regional brain volumes across cerebellar, frontal/executive, and medial temporal/limbic neuroanatomical morphometric networks in male but not female patients. These findings suggest that the neuroanatomical correlates of neighborhood disadvantage may be sex-specific, and that sex-stratified analyses may be necessary to fully characterize the relationship between the social exposome and brain morphometry in clinical neuroimaging research.
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