ArticleArchives of virology2026
Isolation and whole-genome characterization of an Orf virus strain from a goat in Binzhou, Shandong Province, China.
Article in Archives of virology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Orf virus (ORFV), a member of the genus Parapoxvirus within the family Poxviridae, causes contagious ecthyma in sheep and goats and is zoonotic. In this study, a scab sample collected from an affected goat in Binzhou, Shandong Province, China, was subjected to virus isolation and whole-genome characterization. ORFV was isolated in HeLa cells, and its identity was confirmed by F1L-targeted PCR with Sanger sequencing and indirect immunofluorescence assays using anti-F1L and anti-B2L polyclonal antibodies. Reference-independent de novo assembly of Illumina reads generated a 133,972-bp near-complete genome with a GC content of 64.05%, containing 122 predicted coding sequences and one tRNA. Terminal hairpin structures and complete inverted terminal repeats were not fully resolved. ORF-YW01 showed the highest average nucleotide identity with strain SY17 (MG712417.1; 98.82%), whereas the highest alignment percentage was observed with strain 28BD (PX497028.1; 98.58%). Phylogenetic analysis also placed ORF-YW01 in a sister relationship with strain 28BD. RDP5 analysis identified three potential recombination signals; however, breakpoint and parental assignments remained uncertain, and BootScan analysis did not show a consistent parental-switching pattern. These signals were therefore not considered confirmed recombination events. This study provides a near-complete genomic record of an ORFV field isolate from Binzhou and establishes a genome-scale reference for future surveillance and direct comparison of ORFV isolates from Shandong Province.
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