ArticleBMJ open2026
Trajectory changes in psychosocial adaptation levels of patients after implantation of cardiac implantable electronic devices and development of the intervention programme: a mixed-methods research protocol.
Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionThe implantation of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) has become an important treatment for various types of arrhythmias and severe heart failure, effectively improving patient prognosis and increasing survival rates. However, patients after CIED implantation need to go through a process of coexisting with and adapting to the internal electronic device. This may result in limitations in daily activities, discomfort and lifestyle changes, which can easily lead to negative emotions and psychosocial maladjustment in the patients, seriously affecting their physical and mental rehabilitation and prognosis. This study aims to explore the trajectory of psychosocial adaptation and its influencing factors among patients after CIED implantation and to gain an in-depth understanding of their process of physical and psychological adjustment. Drawing on the research findings and existing literature, this study will develop an intervention programme to improve psychosocial adaptation among patients after CIED implantation, thereby providing a theoretical and practical basis for future clinical interventions in this population. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This study focuses on patients who have undergone CIED implantation. A mixed-methods approach will be adopted, combining a cross-sectional survey, a prospective longitudinal quantitative design and a qualitative design. (1) Quantitative study: ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This research plan has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the First People's Hospital of Foshan (Approval Number: LSY-2025-019). Data collection is authorised by the Ethics Committee of the First People's Hospital of Foshan. The results of this study will be published in relevant peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR2600124496.
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