Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42842171›Full record

SynthesisCurrent cardiology reports2026

Disparities in GLP-1RA and SGLT2i Uptake: a Systematic Review and an Equity-First Framework for Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Care.

Andre H Chu, Boomer Olsen, Joshua Choi, Amara Sarwal, Farrant Sakaguchi, Farideh Akramimoghadam, Joshua A Jacobs, Deepika Reddy, Nikhil Bhatt, Oshozimhede Iyalomhe and 4 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Current cardiology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Andre H ChuDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-2113-0897
Boomer OlsenDivision of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Joshua ChoiDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Amara SarwalDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Farrant SakaguchiDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Farideh AkramimoghadamCardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Joshua A JacobsDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Deepika ReddyUtah Diabetes and Endocrinology Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Nikhil BhattMontgomery Blair High School, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Oshozimhede IyalomheUniversity of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Niharika KatkamDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Matthew WahlDivision of Endocrinology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Aarya ChoudharyDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Polina KukharevaDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. polina.kukhareva@utah.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5576-1486

Funding

DREAM: Building Equitable Predictive Models for Personalized Diabetes PharmacotherapyK01DK142045 · NIDDK · UTAH STATE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM--UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI Polina Kukhareva · 2025 to 2026
$322k
National Institutes of Health AIM-AHEAD Research Fellowship 1OT2OD032581-04NIDDK NIH HHS K01DK142045
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) improve cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic outcomes, but equitable access remains a major challenge. This review synthesizes U.S. evidence on disparities in their use and proposes an Equity-First Framework for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic care to advance pharmacoequity. RECENT

findingsAcross 100 U.S.o studies published from 2013 to 2026, the most consistent inequities involved race and ethnicity, socioeconomic status, insurance coverage, age, and access to specialty care, while geographic and sex-related patterns were more heterogeneous. Black and Hispanic patients, Medicaid beneficiaries, lower-income populations, and older adults frequently experienced lower prescribing or initiation. Although use increased following landmark trials and guideline updates, uptake remained well below the eligible population, and disparities persisted or widened for some newer agents. Barriers spanned societal and policy, health-system, provider, patient, and therapy-related domains. Achieving pharmacoequity will require coordinated, multilevel implementation. Our framework links equity-relevant factors and implementation determinants to actionable strategies, including equity monitoring, identification and engagement of eligible patients, equitable care pathways, reduction of structural access barriers, and support for clinicians and patients.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHealthcare DisparitiesHypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsHealth Services AccessibilityHumansSocioeconomic Disparities in HealthUnited StatesGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsCardiovascular diseaseDiabetes, health equityGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsHealth disparitiesImplementation sciencePharmacoequitySodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID42842171

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.