Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42842103›Full record

ArticleEndocrine2026

Triglyceride-related metabolic indices and low relative muscle mass: a cross-sectional analysis of SMILE and NHANES.

Ting Liu, Ning Chen, Rui Du, Mingyu Zhu, Jie Cao, Qin Zhu, Xiaolin Xu, Yunjie Li, Xian Jin, Yurong Weng and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Endocrine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Ting Liu *Department of Geriatrics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Ning Chen *Department of Geriatrics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Rui Du *Department of Geriatrics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Mingyu ZhuDepartment of Geriatrics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Jie CaoDepartment of Geriatrics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Qin ZhuDepartment of Geriatrics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Xiaolin XuDepartment of Geriatrics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Yunjie LiDepartment of Geriatrics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Xian JinDepartment of Geriatrics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Yurong WengDepartment of Geriatrics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Mi XiangSchool of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. xiang-sjtu@hotmail.com.
Jinhua QianDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Huangshan city People's Hospital, Huangshan, China. qjhqjh310@163.com.
Rong HuangDepartment of Geriatrics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. renjihuangrong@163.com.
Yaomin HuDepartment of Geriatrics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. amin99@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLipid dysregulation may be associated with skeletal muscle impairment, but the relationships of routine triglyceride (TG)-based metabolic indices with low relative muscle mass remain unclear. We examined cross-sectional associations of serum TG and TG-based indices with ALM/BMI-defined low relative muscle mass, with exploratory analyses of low relative grip strength (Grip/BMI) and body-size coupling.

methodsCross-sectional analyses included 1,084 adults from the SMILE study (2020-2025) and 5,034 adults from NHANES 2011-2018. Low relative muscle mass was operationally defined using the FNIH ALM/BMI thresholds and was not considered equivalent to clinically diagnosed sarcopenia. Multivariable logistic regression and survey-weighted logistic regression were used in SMILE and NHANES, respectively. Dose-response relationships were assessed using restricted cubic splines, and residual-based sensitivity analyses were used to examine body-size coupling.

resultsHigher TG quartiles were associated with greater odds of low relative muscle mass. Fully adjusted ORs for the highest versus lowest TG quartile were 2.57 (95% CI, 1.44-4.59) in SMILE and 2.17 (95% CI, 1.33-3.53) in NHANES, with significant trends in both populations. Composite indices, especially TyG-WHtR, TyG-BMI, and METS-IR, showed larger associations. Grip/BMI findings were exploratory and more heterogeneous.

conclusionsHigher TG and several TG-related composite indices were associated with ALM/BMI-defined low relative muscle mass in two complementary populations.

Indexed as

Muscle, SkeletalSarcopeniaTriglyceridesAdultAgedBody Mass IndexCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHand StrengthHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysTriglyceridesLow relative muscle massRelative grip strengthTriglyceride-glucose indexTriglycerides

Identifiers

PMID42842103

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.