ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2026
Trends in hepatitis B virus seroprevalence in a large cohort of adult cancer patients from 2010 to 2023.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses increased risks for cancer patients due to immunosuppression and potential viral reactivation. We evaluated the seroprevalence and temporal trends of HBV exposure in a large cohort of cancer patients in Brazil.
methodsAdult patients who underwent anti-HBc testing at a quaternary oncology center between 2010 and 2023 were included in this retrospective study, and HBV exposure was defined as anti-HBc positivity. Temporal trends were assessed by using linear regression, whereas associated factors were evaluated by using multivariable logistic regression.
resultsAnti-HBc testing was performed in 22.9% (28,869/125,985) of admitted cancer patients, and seroprevalence was 13.4% (3,857/28,869), declining from 16.5 in 2010 to 9.9% in 2023 (p < 0.001). Decreasing trends were observed across sexes and age groups (p < 0.001 for both), with a more pronounced decline among men (25.1%-12.3%). Seroprevalence also decreased significantly among White patients (16.7%-7.9%; p < 0.001) and those with solid tumors (18.8%-9.0%; p < 0.001), but not among non-White individuals (21.4%-17.7%; p = 0.246) or those with hematological malignancies (13.1%-12.8%; p = 0.136). Age ≥ 60 years (OR = 4.40; 95%CI: 3.77-5.12; p < 0.001), men (OR = 1.89; 95%CI: 1.76-2.04; p < 0.001), and non-White ethnicity/color (OR = 1.25; 95%CI: 1.15-1.35; p < 0.001) were independently associated with HBV exposure.
conclusionDespite the declining seroprevalence over time, HBV exposure remains common among cancer patients, as persistent disparities across demographic groups underscore the need for expanded vaccination and systematic screening.
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