Observational studyEuropean journal of nutrition2026
Reference intervals of urinary clearance and excretion of uric acid (RICE-U) in Japan.
Observational study in European journal of nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo establish reference intervals for indices of renal uric acid excretion efficiency and amount using 24-h, 60-min, and spot urine measurements, and to assess relationships among these methods in healthy Japanese adults.
methodsThis multicenter prospective observational study included 445 reference individuals (214 men and 231 women; age, 20-65 years) recruited from 26 National Hospital Organization institutions. Reference intervals were estimated separately by sex using the non-parametric central 95% range (2.5th-97.5th percentiles). Associations between spot urine-derived and timed-urine indices were assessed using Spearman rank correlations.
resultsReference intervals for 24-h Cua were 3.1-11.5 mL/min in men and 4.4-14.6 mL/min in women, and those for 60-min Cua were 4.7-15.4 and 5.1-17.9 mL/min, respectively. BSA-standardized Eua reference intervals were 280-827 mg/day/1.73 m² in men and 263-812 mg/day/1.73 m² in women for 24-h collection, and 16.4-42.9 and 12.4-36.3 mg/h/1.73 m², respectively, for 60-min collection. Spot urine reference intervals were 3.0-9.7% in men and 3.2-12.4% in women for FEua, 0.19-0.50 and 0.14-0.43 mg/dL for EuGF, 3.6-12.3 and 4.0-16.1 mL/min/1.73 m² for eCua, and 336-937 and 254-806 mg/day/1.73 m² for eEua. Spot eCua correlated with 24-h Cua (ρ=0.627), spot FEua with 24-h FEua (ρ=0.736), and eEua with 24-h Eua (ρ=0.430); all P<0.001.
conclusionThis study provides comprehensive reference intervals for renal uric acid handling under standardized preanalytical conditions in healthy Japanese adults. Spot urine-derived indices showed significant associations with timed-urine measurements, particularly for clearance-related indices, and may provide practical complementary measures when timed urine collection is difficult.
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