Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42841162›Full record

ArticleRoyal Society open science2026

The emergence of egocentric biases when comparing others is independent of whether groups or individuals are being compared.

Marta Rodríguez Aramendía, Raphael Kaplan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Royal Society open science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Marta Rodríguez AramendíaDepartment of Basic Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8761-0607
Raphael KaplanDepartment of Basic Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5023-1566

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Flexible social comparisons require transforming information across reference frames, a process thought to depend on map-like computations in the hippocampal formation. Previous work has shown that egocentric social biases-an implicit reliance on self-knowledge-emerge when relative attributes of others are integrated into absolute social reference frames. However, it remains unclear whether this bias depends on the comparison being made in a specific reference frame (absolute vs relative), or on the type of social agent involved (individuals vs groups). Across two behavioural experiments, we employed a social coordinate transformation task where participants learned a stranger's preferences relative to either an individual or a group (relative frame) and then made inferences within an absolute reference frame defined by the alternative entity type. Across both experiments, egocentric anchoring-and-adjustment was observed during rating, and accuracy correlated with a map-like distance metric in the absolute reference frame. Crucially, self-preferences biased performance across all configurations despite being task-irrelevant. A formal model comparison revealed that the discrepancy between the self and the stranger was the primary predictor of performance, outperforming models based on absolute or relative frame discrepancies alone. These findings indicate that egocentric anchoring is a fundamental feature of flexible social comparisons regardless of social entity.

Indexed as

egocentric anchoring-and-adjustmentperspective-takingsocial neurosciencesocial reference frames

Identifiers

PMID42841162
PMCPMC13641921

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.