Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42841157›Full record

ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2026

Caregiver-Reported Stressors Involved in Caring for a Child with Optic Nerve Hypoplasia.

Ema V Karakoleva, Olivia Waldron, Allen R Kunselman, Amanda L Ely

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ema V KarakolevaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9909-5729
Olivia WaldronDepartment of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Allen R KunselmanDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8485-2953
Amanda L ElyDepartment of Ophthalmology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3041-0460

Funding

Penn State Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR002014 · NCATS · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR · PI KRASCHNEWSKI, JENNIFER L. · 2016 to 2025
$33.7M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002014
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: To characterize quality of life (QoL) and depressive symptoms among caregivers of children with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH), identify associated demographic and clinical factors, and explore the measurement properties of a modified caregiver QoL instrument. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional survey included 20 primary caregivers of children with ONH who completed a modified 20-item Caregiver's Congenital Glaucoma Quality of Life (CarCGQoL) questionnaire (0-40; higher scores indicate better self-reported QoL), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9; 0-27), and a demographic and clinical survey. CarCGQoL analyses required completion of ≥16 of 20 items; clinical and demographic associations and measurement properties were explored. Results: Caregivers had a mean age of 42.7±11.7 years, and 75% were mothers. In primary CarCGQoL analyses (n=19), scores were strongly inversely associated with PHQ-9 scores ( Conclusion: Depressive symptoms were common and closely associated with lower modified CarCGQoL scores, while bilateral ONH and nystagmus were associated with poorer caregiver-reported outcomes. These findings support greater attention to caregiver well-being in ONH care and further evaluation of the modified CarCGQoL in larger cohorts.

Indexed as

caregiver burdendepressive symptomsnystagmusoptic nerve hypoplasiapediatric visual impairmentquality of liferasch analysis

Identifiers

PMID42841157
PMCPMC13641831

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.