ArticleJournal of tropical medicine2026
Tuberculosis Incidence and Predictors Among People Living With HIV After Isoniazid-Rifapentine (3HP) Preventive Therapy in Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of tropical medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Global reports of tuberculosis (TB) in 2024 estimated 10.7 million cases, of which 5.8% were HIV-positive individuals. Despite the implementation of TB preventive therapy, TB incidence rates remain high, especially among HIV-infected patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from 1 October 2020 to 31 October 2025. A two-stage sampling procedure was used to select both health facilities and study participants. First, seven public health facilities in the West Arsi zone were selected using simple random sampling. Second, 426 people living with HIV were randomly selected from ART registers of the selected health facilities. The data were collected via the Kobo Toolbox and analysed via SPSS Version 26. Kaplan‒Meier estimates were used for time‒event distribution; for survival, curves were compared via log-rank tests. Risk factors for active TB were identified through Cox proportional hazards regression, with significance at Results: A total of 426 HIV-positive patients were followed for 1867 person-years, during which 71 individuals (16.7% of participants) developed TB, resulting in a TB incidence density rate of 3.78 per 100 person-years. The identified risk factors for developing active TB were WHO Clinical Stages II to IV (adjusted hazard ratios [AHR] = 3.44 [95% CI: 1.50-7.85], 5.41 [95% CI: 2.47-11.84] and 7.52 [95% CI: 3.09-18.32], respectively). Participants who received daily isoniazid for 6 months (INH/6H) and those who did not receive any TPT regimen had significantly greater hazard of developing TB compared to those receiving 3HP (AHR = 5.01, 95% CI: 2.35-10.65 and AHR = 12.53, 95% CI: 5.65-27.79, respectively). Similarly, individuals with haemoglobin (HBg) levels < 11 g/dL had a markedly increased risk of TB (AHR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.31, 4.60), as did those with a body mass index < 18.5 kg/m Conclusion: This study revealed that 16.7% of participants developed active TB. Significant risk factors for TB incidence among HIV-positive individuals were identified, highlighting the need for targeted preventive strategies to address these risks, particularly in high-risk populations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.