A method for distinguishing and separating retinal microglia from infiltrating macrophages during an ocular inflammatory event.

Scott W McPherson, Laura Burgstaler, Joe Sherman, Abigail Patin, Heidi Roehrich

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Scott W McPhersonDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota., Minneapolis, MN, United States.

Laura BurgstalerDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota., Minneapolis, MN, United States.

Joe ShermanDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota., Minneapolis, MN, United States.

Abigail PatinDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota., Minneapolis, MN, United States.

Heidi RoehrichDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota., Minneapolis, MN, United States.

Funding

Local Control and Regulation of Retinal AutoimmunityR01EY033328 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Scott W McPherson · 2022 to 2026

$1.9M

NEI NIH HHS R01 EY033328

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A significant challenge in the study of neuroimmune responses is the identification and separation of resident microglia from infiltrating bone marrow-derived macrophages. Therefore, we investigated whether dual labelling of Cx3cr1 and Ccr2 is sufficient to discriminate retinal microglia from infiltrating macrophages in mice that develop spontaneous autoimmune uveoretinitis-a condition dependent on infiltration of lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells from the circulation into the retina. Mice expressing red fluorescent protein (RFP) under control of the Ccr2 promoter and green fluorescent protein (GFP) under control of the Cx3cr1 promoter (Ccr2

Indexed as

Autoimmune DiseasesCell SeparationMacrophagesMicrogliaRetinaRetinitisUveitisAnimalsCX3C Chemokine Receptor 1Disease Models, AnimalFlow CytometryGreen Fluorescent ProteinsLuminescent ProteinsMiceMice, TransgenicReceptors, CCR2Ccr2 protein, mouseCX3C Chemokine Receptor 1Cx3cr1 protein, mouseGreen Fluorescent ProteinsLuminescent ProteinsReceptors, CCR2Red Fluorescent Proteinautoimmunityinflammationmacrophagemicrogliaretina

Identifiers

PMID42840111

DOI10.3389/fimmu.2026.1951506

PMCPMC13638628

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.