ArticleFrontiers in oncology2026
Acidic microenvironment promotes pancreatic cancer cell survival via Akt phosphorylation-mediated suppression of apoptosis.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The microenvironment of many solid tumors is acidic (pH 6.5-6.9) due to hypoxia and enhanced glycolytic metabolism and has been implicated in tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. However, the mechanisms by which pancreatic cancer cells adapt to extracellular acidosis and maintain survival under acidic stress remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of extracellular acidosis on pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, and intracellular signaling. Human pancreatic cancer cell lines PK-59 and MIA-PaCa-2 were cultured under acidic conditions (pH 6.9). Proliferation, cell cycle phase distribution, apoptosis, and intracellular signaling were assessed using cell growth assays, WST-8 assays, flow cytometry, and western blotting. Pharmacological inhibition of Akt and ERK1/2 was performed to evaluate their functional roles under acidic conditions. Under acidic conditions, both cell lines appeared to show reduced proliferation, an increased G
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