ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2026
Acute effects of random, serial and constant intensities of isometric knee extensions on neuromuscular fatigability and motor control.
Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to examine the acute effects of three different practice organizations-constant, serial, and random-on motor control, neuromuscular fatigability, and subjective responses during a force reproduction task involving isometric knee extensions.
methodsFifteen physically active men completed three experimental sessions in a randomized order. Each session included pre- and post-tests, and 15 min of force reproduction practice under one of the three conditions. The goal was to follow a target force signal displayed on a screen. Force accuracy and electromyographic (EMG) activity were assessed during the whole session. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MViC) was assessed before and after, and subjective ratings (NASA-TLX questionnaire, task difficulty and enjoyment) were assessed after each session.
resultsDuring acquisition, force error was significantly higher in random than in constant or serial, but decreased over time only in random. Force accuracy increased from pre- to post-tests across all conditions, with no condition-related differences. MViC decreased similarly across all conditions, indicating equivalent neuromuscular fatigability. No significant changes in Force/EMG ratio or EMG coactivation were observed. Subjective ratings showed higher enjoyment after random compared to serial.
conclusionsRandom practice did not improve motor accuracy compared to serial or constant practice after a single session. However, it led to greater enjoyment without inducing additional neuromuscular fatigability. These findings suggest that random practice may enhance motivation or engagement during training, even when immediate motor control benefits are not evident. Future studies should further explore its long-term effects and optimize task difficulty for maximal learning outcomes.
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