ArticleInternational journal of biomaterials2026
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Zinc-Modified Coconut Husk Biochar.
Article in International journal of biomaterials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
This study aimed to develop a low-cost, multifunctional material with both antimicrobial and antioxidant properties by modifying zinc-derived biochar (BC) from coconut husks. The coconut husk BC was produced through oxygen-limited pyrolysis at 450°C and was subsequently modified using a zinc nitrate ion-exchange treatment to create zinc-modified biochar (Zn-BC). Characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy demonstrated the retention of the carbonaceous BC matrix along with zinc-containing crystalline domains identified as ZnO. While unmodified BC showed no detectable antimicrobial activity within the tested range (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] > 1 mg·mL
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