ReviewFrontiers in oncology2026
Hepatoid carcinoma of the ovary: a literature review.
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatoid carcinoma of the ovary (HCO) exhibits morphological and immunophenotypic features highly similar to those of hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-fetoprotein, hepatocyte paraffin antigen 1, and glypican-3 is an important auxiliary approach for the clinical diagnosis of HCO. Currently, most treatment regimens for this disease are developed with reference to clinical management protocols for high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer. Hepatoid carcinoma of the ovary (HCO) is an extremely rare, distinct histological subtype of primary ovarian adenocarcinoma that exhibits remarkable clinicopathological similarity to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The histogenetic origin of HCO remains controversial, with hypotheses proposing derivation from ovarian surface epithelium or extragonadal non-germ cell precursors. This neoplasm primarily affects postmenopausal women, typically presenting as unilateral or bilateral cystic-solid ovarian masses accompanied by significantly elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. HCO is characterized by high biological aggressiveness, with most cases diagnosed at an advanced stage leading to a uniformly poor prognosis. Owing to its extreme rarity, existing research on HCO is largely limited to sporadic case reports. This systematic review aggregates eligible HCO cases published from 1987 to January 2026, conducts pooled analysis and comprehensive synthesis of clinical characteristics, pathological features, treatment strategies and molecular findings, with the aim of providing evidence-based references for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic decision-making, and establishing a theoretical foundation for future translational research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.