Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42835622›Full record

ArticleNAM journal2026

Six decades of evidence: biological factors predominate among reported reasons for clinical drug failure:

Dilyana Filipova, Leyla Fox, Matthias Gossmann, Kathrin Herrmann, Andrew Knight, Bettina Lickiss, Christian Maass, Gaby Neumann, Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga, Tamara Zietek

Abstract readLetter
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in NAM journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Dilyana FilipovaDoctors Against Animal Experiments (DAAE), Lustheide 85, 51427 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Leyla FoxDoctors Against Animal Experiments (DAAE), Lustheide 85, 51427 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Matthias GossmanninnoVitro GmbH, Artilleriestr. 2, 52428 Jülich Jülich, Germany.
Kathrin HerrmannCenter for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Andrew KnightSchool of Veterinary Medicine, College of Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, 90 South St, Murdoch WA 6150, Australia.
Bettina LickissinnoVitro GmbH, Artilleriestr. 2, 52428 Jülich Jülich, Germany.
Christian MaassESQlabs GmbH, MPSlabs, 26683 Saterland, Germany.
Gaby NeumannDoctors Against Animal Experiments (DAAE), Lustheide 85, 51427 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
Merel Ritskes-HoitingaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 8, 3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands.
Tamara ZietekDoctors Against Animal Experiments (DAAE), Lustheide 85, 51427 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Identifiers

PMID42835622
PMCPMC13635514

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.