ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2026
The endophyte
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: The rising global challenge of antimicrobial resistance and biofilm-associated infections necessitates the discovery of novel bioactive compounds. Endophytic fungi, recognized for their metabolic versatility and ecological adaptability, represent a promising, yet underexplored, source of such molecules. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the biosynthetic potential of Methods: An integrated genomics-metabolomics approach was employed. Whole-genome sequencing combined Illumina paired-end and Oxford Nanopore long-read technologies, with hybrid assembly via SPAdes. Gene prediction was performed using BRAKER3 followed by functional annotation via InterProScan, eggNOG-mapper, while biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) were predicted using antiSMASH v8.0.4. Antibacterial activity was assessed by agar disk diffusion and microdilution, and antibiofilm activity by crystal violet quantification and microscopy. The extract composition was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The assembled genome (41.14 Mb, N50 = 3.52 Mb) was annotated, and predicted to contain 11,738 genes. 36 BGCs were identified, predominantly terpenes, NRPS, and PKS clusters. CAZy analysis revealed a notable CE10 esterase expansion. GC-MS identified 14 major compounds in the extracellular ethyl acetate extract, dominated by 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP, 16.72%), oleic acid (10.14%), and 8-hydroxyisotrichodermin (7.79%). The extract exhibited antibacterial activity against Discussion: The study reveals a sophisticated metabolic architecture in Conclusion:
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