Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42835206›Full record

ArticleiScience2026

Detecting EEG index of arousal in sleeping patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome.

Man Li, Jiahui Pan, Junrong Han, Xiaoyu Bao, Hang Wu, Fei Wang, Yangzuyi Yu, Aoqi Li, Yuhao Liu, Di Chen and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Man LiSchool of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
Jiahui PanResearch Center for Brain-Computer Interface, Pazhou Laboratory, Guangzhou 510330, China.
Junrong HanSchool of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
Xiaoyu BaoSchool of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
Hang WuSchool of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
Fei WangResearch Center for Brain-Computer Interface, Pazhou Laboratory, Guangzhou 510330, China.
Yangzuyi YuSchool of Artificial Intelligence, South China Normal University, Foshan 528225, China.
Aoqi LiSchool of Artificial Intelligence, South China Normal University, Foshan 528225, China.
Yuhao LiuSchool of Artificial Intelligence, South China Normal University, Foshan 528225, China.
Di ChenSchool of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
Xiaochun YangGuangdong Provincial Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou 510450, China.
Yanbin HeGuangdong Provincial Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou 510450, China.
Pengmin QinResearch Center for Brain-Computer Interface, Pazhou Laboratory, Guangzhou 510330, China.
Yuanqing LiSchool of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Consciousness is assumed to be defined by two components: awareness and arousal. However, fewer electroencephalographic (EEG) indices have been identified for arousal than for awareness. Since patients clinically diagnosed with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) show preserved sleep-wake cycles but markedly reduced reproducible behavioral evidence of awareness, their sleep-wake patterns may provide a useful model for examining arousal-related EEG fluctuations. This study recorded nighttime polysomnography in patients with UWS, patients in a minimally conscious state, and healthy controls. The EEG signal showed that spectral slope could index arousal, fluctuating among sleep stages in all three groups. Both spectral entropy and Lempel-Ziv complexity indexed awareness, showing a significant difference between conscious and unconscious states. These findings provide fundamental evidence for the two-component hypothesis of consciousness.

Indexed as

alpha band powerN3 sleepneural correlates of consciousnessREM sleepvegetative state

Identifiers

PMID42835206
PMCPMC13635008

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.