Observational studyFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of imported malaria patients admitted to a specialized hospital: a retrospective study (2021- June 2026).
Observational study in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: China was certified malaria-free by the World Health Organization in 2021; however, imported malaria remains a significant challenge to maintaining malaria elimination due to increasing international travel and overseas population mobility. Imported malaria cases have been continuously reported in Shandong Province, but detailed clinical characteristics, parasite species distribution, travel history, and treatment patterns among hospitalised malaria patients following elimination remain insufficiently characterised. Methods: We conducted a retrospective hospital-based observational study of malaria patients admitted to our hospital in Shandong Province, China, from January 2021 to June 2026. Demographic information, travel history, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, Results: A total of 120 hospitalised malaria patients were included in the analysis. The number of malaria admissions increased from two cases in 2021 to 45 cases in 2025, with seasonal clustering during the second and third quarters of the year. All patients were male, and 98.3% were aged 30-59 years. Most patients had a travel history to Africa (95.8%), particularly West Africa (54.2%) and Central Africa (28.3%). Among the 120 patients with confirmed parasite identification, Conclusion: Imported malaria remains a significant clinical and public health challenge following malaria elimination in Shandong Province. Cases are predominantly identified among working-age males returning from sub-Saharan Africa, with P. falciparum as the dominant parasite species. Therefore, strengthening surveillance of overseas travellers, improving early diagnosis, and maintaining standardised treatment protocols are essential to prevent the re-establishment of malaria.
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