ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Estradiol mediates the association of waist-to-hip ratio, but not body fat percentage, with menopause-related symptoms in Chinese women aged 40-60 years.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Menopause-related symptoms adversely affect quality of life. Although both overall and central adiposity have been associated with menopausal symptoms, the role of estradiol in these associations remains unclear. Methods: This single-center cross-sectional study included 600 women aged 40-60 years who attended the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China. Participants were classified into premenopausal and postmenopausal groups according to the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop +10 (STRAW + 10) criteria. Menopause-related symptoms were assessed using the modified Kupperman Index (KMI). Body fat percentage (PBF) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were measured using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer, and serum reproductive hormone levels, including estradiol (E Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, higher WHR was independently associated with greater menopause-related symptom severity (β = 12.058, 95% CI: 1.816 to 22.300, Conclusion: Both overall and central adiposity were associated with more severe menopause-related symptoms; however, estradiol mediated only the association between central adiposity and symptom severity. These findings suggest that different adiposity patterns may be associated with menopausal symptoms through distinct biological pathways.
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