ArticleJournal of physical therapy science2026
Acute effects of morning versus evening aerobic exercise on nocturnal blood pressure in healthy young men.
Article in Journal of physical therapy science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
[Purpose] To determine the optimal timing of aerobic exercise for nocturnal blood pressure (BP), this study compared the acute effects of morning and evening moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (65% heart rate reserve, 30 min) on nocturnal BP, and sleep quality. [Participants and Methods] This randomized crossover study included 15 healthy young male participants who randomly completed three experimental trials: (1) morning trial (09:30-10:00), (2) evening trial (17:30-18:00), and (3) a sedentary control trial. The exercise consisted of cycling for 30 min at 65% heart rate reserve. Nocturnal systolic BP (SBP), and sleep efficiency were assessed using the oscillometric method, and actigraphy, respectively. [Results] The morning trial produced a lower nocturnal SBP than both the evening (Cohen's d=0.82) and control trials (Cohen's d=1.23), whereas the evening trial also produced a lower nocturnal SBP than the control trial (Cohen's d=0.32). Sleep efficiency was higher in the morning trial than in both the evening (Cohen's d=5.42) and control trials (Cohen's d=5.12). [Conclusion] Morning aerobic exercise more effectively promoted nocturnal BP dipping among healthy young men than did evening exercise.
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