Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42834640›Full record

ArticleJournal of rehabilitation medicine2026

Reliability and validity of a short version of the Norwegian Awareness of Social Inference Test: a test of social cognition after traumatic brain injury.

Martin Matre, Truls Johansen, Anne Catrine T Martinsen, Alexander Olsen, Sveinung Tornås, Cecilie Røe, Anne Lund, Frank Becker, Cathrine Brunborg, Daniel Løke and 5 more

Abstract readValidation Study
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of rehabilitation medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Martin MatreCentre for Research and Education, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. martin.matre@sunnaas.no.
Truls JohansenCentre for Research and Education, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway; Department of Occupational Therapy, Institute of rehabilitation science and health technology, Faculty of Health Sciences Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
Anne Catrine T MartinsenCentre for Research and Education, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway; Institute of rehabilitation science and health technology, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
Alexander OlsenDepartment of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Clinic of Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; NorHead, Norwegian Centre for Headache Research, Trondheim, Norway.
Sveinung TornåsThe Norwegian Directorate of Health, Oslo, Norway.
Cecilie RøeInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; of Physical Rehabilitation and Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Anne LundDepartment of Occupational Therapy, Institute of rehabilitation science and health technology, Faculty of Health Sciences Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
Frank BeckerCentre for Research and Education, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Cathrine BrunborgOslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Daniel LøkeCentre for Research and Education, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway.
Jacoba M SpikmanDepartment of Neurology, Subdep. of Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Jennie PonsfordTurner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; School of Psychological Sciences, Epworth Healthcare, Richmond, Australia.
Dawn NeumannDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute, Edison, New Jersey, USA.
Skye McDonaldSchool of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.
Marianne LøvstadCentre for Research and Education, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aimed to develop and test reliability and validity of a short version of the Norwegian Awareness of Social Inference Test to ease assessment of social cognition after traumatic brain injury.

designThe least suitable items were identified statistically and from quality ratings made by clinical experts and persons with lived experience. Psychometric properties of the resulting short version were then estimated. SUBJECTS: Adults with (n = 101) and without (n = 50) traumatic brain injury.

methodsPredetermined fit criteria from Rasch and confirmatory factor analysis identified least-fitting items. Further item reduction was based on expert ratings. The reliability of the short version was estimated with Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency and intraclass correlations for test-retest reliability. Construct validity was estimated based on differences in performance between individuals with and without traumatic brain injury (known groups validity), correlations with measures of social cognition (convergent validity) and with measures of cognitive ability (discriminant validity).

resultsThe number of items was reduced from 59 to 28. Statistical analyses supported the short version's structure, and reliability and validity were similar to the full version.

conclusionThe short version has acceptable psychometric properties and is more feasible than the full version; its implementation is recommended.

Indexed as

Brain Injuries, TraumaticSocial CognitionAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsNorwayPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID42834640

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Registered trials

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