Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42833716›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2026

PHOENIX: a study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial of pre-emptive pharmacogenomic panel testing in acute care settings with health economic evaluations.

Stefanie Lip, Pieter Theo Pepler, Alex McConnachie, Leslie J Sheffield, Sam Mostafa, Linsay McCallum, Neil Hawkins, Olivia Wu, Louise Bennett, Iain Frater and 6 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06907784 (PHOENIX TRIAL - A PILOT RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF PRE-EMPTIVE PHARMACOGENOMICS IN ACUTE CARE SETTINGS WITH HEALTH ECONOMIC EVALUATIONS), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06907784 narecruitingnot on this map

Phoenix trial - a pilot randomised controlled trial of pre-emptive pharmacogenomics in acute care settings with health economic evaluations

TypeinterventionalSponsorNHS Greater Glasgow and ClydeRan2025 to 2026Enrolled2,000ConditionsPharmacogenomic Drug InteractionArmsPharmacogenomic testing
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Stefanie LipSchool of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Pieter Theo PeplerSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2961-6573
Alex McConnachieSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7262-7000
Leslie J SheffieldMyDNA, GenebyGene, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Sam MostafaMyDNA, GenebyGene, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Linsay McCallumSchool of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6596-647X
Neil HawkinsSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Olivia WuSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Louise BennettMVLS Innovation Engagement and Enterprise, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Iain FraterSchool of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Katriona BrooksbankWest of Scotland Innovation Hub, NHSGGC, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Sean Macbride-StewartPharmacy Services, NHSGGC, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Victoria M PrattAgena Bioscience Inc, San Diego, California, USA.
Brandon FranklinAgena Bioscience Inc, San Diego, California, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5685-9314
Allan SheffieldMyDNA, GenebyGene, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Sandosh PadmanabhanSchool of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK sandosh.padmanabhan@glasgow.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3869-5808

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPharmacogenomic (PGx) panel testing may reduce adverse drug reactions (ADRs), treatment failures and downstream healthcare use by aligning prescribing with germline genetic variation. The PREPARE trial reported an approximately 30% reduction in clinically relevant ADRs using a pre-emptive multigene panel, but its open-label design, patient-reported endpoint and subsequent methodological critiques limit its use for National Health Service (NHS) decision-making. Whether panel-based PGx delivers benefit in acute NHS secondary care, where prescribing is time-critical, patients are older and multimorbid and outcomes can be linkage-adjudicated, remains unknown. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: PHOENIX is a pragmatic, pilot, parallel-group, individually randomised controlled trial with blinded outcome adjudication, in NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (NHSGGC) hospitals and NHS Golden Jubilee National Hospital. Adults newly prescribed an eligible PGx-relevant index drug are identified through a data-driven screening system integrating electronic prescribing, community prescribing linkage and record review and randomised 1:1 to PGx-guided care or standard care with delayed PGx testing. In the intervention arm, buccal-swab DNA is genotyped (Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments/College of American Pathologist (CLIA/CAP)-accredited laboratory) and a Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC)/Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group (DPWG)-based report returned within approximately 10 days; results are research-use-only. The trial aims to recruit 2000-4000 participants constrained by a fixed operational end-date (30 September 2026). The primary outcome is index-drug-related ADR or treatment failure within 3 months, adjudicated using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) V.6 and validated causality tools, with deterministic linkage via the West of Scotland Safe Haven. Secondary outcomes include ADR severity, hospitalisations, mortality, actionable prescribing uptake, biomarker levels, EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and healthcare utilisation. The primary analysis is intention-to-treat logistic regression adjusted for stratification factors; a within-trial cost-utility analysis estimates cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Approved by Scotland A Research Ethics Committee (24/SS/0064; IRAS 344412; NHS R&I INGN24MG113). Co-sponsors are NHSGGC and the University of Glasgow. Findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publication, conferences, patient and public involvement and engagement-co-produced lay summaries and the trial website. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT06907784.

Indexed as

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsPharmacogeneticsPharmacogenomic TestingAdultCost-Benefit AnalysisHumansPilot ProjectsPragmatic Clinical Trials as TopicRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicResearch DesignState MedicineCLINICAL PHARMACOLOGYGENETICSHEALTH ECONOMICSRandomized Controlled Trial

Identifiers

PMID42833716
PMCPMC13646959

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.