ArticleOrthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany)2026
Clinical and radiographic outcomes of the calcaneo-stop procedure for symptomatic flexible flatfoot in adolescents : A retrospective cohort study of 160 feet.
Article in Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSymptomatic flexible flatfoot is a common musculoskeletal disorder among children and adolescents, characterized by hindfoot valgus, medial arch collapse and forefoot abduction under weight-bearing conditions. When conservative treatment fails, the calcaneo-stop procedure offers a minimally invasive, joint-preserving surgical option.
objectiveTo evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of the calcaneo-stop procedure in adolescents with symptomatic flexible flatfoot refractory to conservative care, with emphasis on postoperative complications and their management. PATIENTS AND
methodsA retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on 160 feet in 90 patients (45 males, 45 females) aged 12-17 years. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score and hindfoot valgus angle. Radiological parameters included calcaneal pitch angle, Kite's angle, talar declination angle, Meary's angle and talonavicular coverage angle, evaluated preoperatively, immediately postoperatively and at final follow-up (mean 24.3 ± 1.8 months). A linear mixed-effects model was employed to account for bilateral clustering (70 patients with bilateral procedures).
resultsAll radiological parameters and functional outcome scores demonstrated statistically significant improvement (all p < 0.001) with large effect sizes (η
conclusionThe calcaneo-stop procedure was associated with statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in functional scores and multiplanar radiological parameters at a mean follow-up of 24.3 months in skeletally immature patients. The observed complication rate of 9.375% appears comparable with previously published series. Longer follow-up beyond skeletal maturity and implant removal is required to establish the durability of correction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
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