Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42831235›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of particle therapy2026

Reirradiation With Proton Therapy Using Hypofractionated Schedules: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Daniela Alterio, Vanessa Eleonora Pierini, Stefania Volpe, Maria Giulia Vincini, Mattia Zaffaroni, Annamaria Ferrari, Marvaso Giulia, Federico Mastroleo, Nicolaus Andratschke, Matthias Guckenberger and 7 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of particle therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Daniela AlterioDivision of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Vanessa Eleonora PieriniDivision of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Stefania VolpeDivision of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Maria Giulia VinciniDivision of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Mattia ZaffaroniDivision of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Annamaria FerrariDivision of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Marvaso GiuliaDivision of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Federico MastroleoDivision of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Nicolaus AndratschkeDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Matthias GuckenbergerDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Jiri KubešProton Therapy Center Czech, Prague, Czech Republic.
Icro MeattiniRadiation Oncology & Breast Unit - Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy.
Carsten NiederDepartment of Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway.
Yvette van der LindenCentre of Expertise in Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Giuseppe PetraliaDivision of Radiology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Roberto OrecchiaScientific directorate, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Barbara Alicja Jereczek-FossaDivision of Radiation Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aim: Re-irradiation (re-RT) with hypofractionated proton therapy (PT) may be a treatment option in selected cases. Aim is to provide a critical overview of the state of the art. Methods: PRISMA-compliant systematic review was performed on 2nd October 2025. All tumor sites were considered, provided that re-RT was performed with dose/fraction>2Gy(RBE) in adults. Oncological and toxicity outcomes were retrieved. Results: Twelve original research works were identified. The total number of patients treated with hypofractionated PT re-RT was 478. The majority of patients were treated for recurrent tumors of either the gastrointestinal (GI) region ( Conclusion: Evidence supporting the use of hypofractionated PT re-RT remains limited but encouraging. Identifying predictors of toxicity and treatment response is essential to guide future research and to establish this approach as a viable option for selected patients.

Indexed as

hypofractionated schedulesproton therapyRe-irradiationsystematic review

Identifiers

PMID42831235
PMCPMC13634729

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.