ArticleVeterinary and animal science2026
Melatonin reduces intestinal oxidative damage in broilers with pulmonary hypertension under high-altitude and cold stress.
Article in Veterinary and animal science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) in broilers, exacerbated by high-altitude and cold stress, leads to oxidative damage and intestinal dysfunction. Melatonin, with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may mitigate these effects. This study examined how melatonin affects intestinal health and oxidative balance in broilers with PHS. We reared 108 broiler chickens at 2100 m altitude under cold stress and divided them into three groups: control, 20 mg/kg melatonin (Mel-20), and 40 mg/kg melatonin (Mel-40). Intestinal morphology, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and antioxidant gene expression (SOD1, GPX) were analyzed. Performance metrics and right-to-total ventricular weight ratio (RV:TV) were also assessed. Mel-40 increased body weight (P < 0.05), while both doses improved feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). The Mel-40 group showed a lower RV:TV compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Mel-20 lowered MDA levels across all intestinal segments (P < 0.05), with large effect sizes in the duodenum (d = 1.41) and jejunum (d = 2.23). Mel-40 upregulated SOD1 in the jejunum and ileum and GPX in the ileum (P < 0.05), whereas Mel-20 increased both SOD1 and GPX expression in the duodenum and jejunum (P < 0.05). Villus height, width, and surface area increased in the duodenum and jejunum for both doses (P < 0.05). Melatonin supplementation improved intestinal health, antioxidant status, and performance in broilers with PHS under high-altitude and cold stress conditions. Optimal melatonin dosing depends on the therapeutic goal: 20 mg/kg for intestinal antioxidant protection versus 40 mg/kg for cardiovascular support.
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