Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42828638›Full record

ArticleClinical pharmacokinetics2026

Pharmacokinetics of Efavirenz in Pregnancy and Postpartum with and Without First-line Tuberculosis Drugs: Results from IMPAACT P1026s.

Marije Van Schalkwyk, Jiajia Wang, Adrie Bekker, Eric Decloedt, Gerhard B Theron, Mark F Cotton, Tim R Cressey, Deo Wabwire, Chelsea Stotz, Kevin Knowles and 11 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00042289 (Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antiretroviral and Related Drugs During Pregnancy and Postpartum), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00042289 completednot on this map

Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antiretroviral and Related Drugs During Pregnancy and Postpartum

TypeobservationalSponsorNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)Ran2003 to 2020Enrolled1,578ConditionsHIV InfectionsArmsatazanavir/cobicistat, darunavir/ritonavir dosage #1, darunavir/ritonavir dosage #2, darunavir/ritonavir dosage #3, elvitegravir/cobicistat
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Marije Van SchalkwykFamily Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Division of Adult Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. marije@sun.ac.za.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2679-901X
Jiajia WangCenter for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-2371-8850
Adrie BekkerFamily Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3836-3432
Eric DecloedtDivision of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1815-5150
Gerhard B TheronDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8888-1436
Mark F CottonFamily Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-6034
Tim R CresseyAMS-PHPT Research Collaboration, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8106-0974
Deo WabwireMU-JHU Research Collaboration, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8923-2005
Chelsea StotzFrontier Science Foundation, Amherst, NY, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2412-4790
Kevin KnowlesFrontier Science Foundation, Amherst, NY, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7589-3306
Kathleen George, FHI 360, Durham, NC, USA.
Renee BrowningDivision of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3839-9478
Kittipong RungruengthanakitResearch Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Lubbe WiesnerDivision of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9070-8699
Edmund V CapparelliSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1630-0505
Alice M StekDivision of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Mark MirochnickDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3600-1502
David E ShapiroCenter for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6051-7745
Brookie M BestSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8569-2293
Ahizechukwu C EkeDivision of Maternal Fetal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-9840
IMPAACT P1026s Protocol Team

Funding

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases UM1AI068616National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases UM1AI068632National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases UM1AI106716National Institute of Child Health and Human Development HHSN275201800001I
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectiveEfavirenz (EFV) pharmacokinetics (PK) may be influenced by both pregnancy-related physiological changes and concurrent treatment for drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-TB), and intensive 24-h EFV PK data during rifampin (RIF)/ isoniazid (INH) treatment in pregnant women living with HIV (PWLHIV) and TB disease are lacking. We evaluated EFV PK in a prospective cohort of PWLHIV receiving WHO-recommended oral daily EFV alongside RIF and INH (with or without ethambutol [EMB] and pyrazinamide [PZA]).

methodsParticipants enrolled between 20 and 37

resultsOf 22 participants, PK data were available for 12, 21 and 13 participants in 2T, 3T and PP, respectively. In 3T (3T↔PP: n = 13), EFV exposure was lower than PP: AUC

conclusionsLate pregnancy combined with DS-TB treatment is associated with lower EFV exposure. Further investigation is needed to determine the clinical significance of these findings, but frequent viral load monitoring is advised in PWLHIV with TB disease receiving EFV-based antiretroviral treatment. CLINICALTRIALS: GOV IDENTIFIER: NCT00042289.

Identifiers

PMID42828638

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